Archaeology of the Iliad The Mycenaean Culture

The archaeological correlate for the societies who were participating in the Trojan War in the Iliad and the Odyssey is the Helladic or Mycenaean culture. What archaeologists think of as Mycenaean culture grew out of the Minoan cultures on the Greek mainland between 1600 and 1700 BC, and spread to the Aegean islands by 1400 BC. Capitals of the Mycenaean culture included Mycenae, Pylos, Tiryns, Knossos, Gla, Menelaion, Thebes, and Orchomenos. The archaeological evidence of these cities paints a vivid picture of the towns and societies mythologized by the poet Homer. Defenses and Wealth Mycenaean culture consisted of fortified city centers and surrounding farm settlements. There is some debate about how much power the main capital of Mycenae had over the other urban centers (and indeed, whether it was the main capital), but whether it ruled over or merely had a trading partnership with Pylos, Knossos, and the other cities, the material culture––the stuff that archaeologists pay attention to––was essentially the same. By the late Bronze Age of around 1400 BC, the city centers were palaces or, more properly, citadels. Lavishly frescoed structures and gold grave goods argue for a strictly stratified society, with much of the wealth of the society in the hands of an elite few, consisting of a warrior caste, priests and priestesses, and a group of administrative officials, headed by a king. At several of the Mycenaean sites, archaeologists have found clay tablets inscribed with Linear B, a written language developed from a Minoan form. The tablets are primarily accounting tools, and their information includes rations provided to workers, reports on the local industries including perfume and bronze, and the support required for defense. And that defense was necessary is certain: The fortification walls were enormous, 8 m (24 ft) high and 5 m (15 ft) thick, built of huge, unworked limestone boulders which were roughly fitted together and chinked with smaller chunks of limestone. Other public architecture projects included roads and dams. Crops and Industry Crops grown by Mycenaean farmers included wheat, barley, lentils, olives, bitter vetch, and grapes; and pigs, goats, sheep, and cattle were herded. Central storage for the subsistence goods was provided within the walls of the city centers, including specialized storage rooms for grain, oil, and wine. It is apparent that hunting was a pastime for some of the Mycenaeans, but it seems to have been primarily an activity for building prestige, not obtaining food. Pottery vessels were of regular shape and size, which suggests mass production; everyday jewelry was of blue faience, shell, clay, or stone. Trade and Social Classes The people were involved in trade throughout the Mediterranean; Mycenaean artifacts have been found at sites on the west coast of what is now Turkey,  along  the Nile River in Egypt and the Sudan, in Israel and Syria, in southern Italy. The Bronze Age shipwrecks of  Ulu Burun  and  Cape Gelidonya  have given archaeologists a detailed peek into the mechanics of the trade network. Traded goods recovered from the wreck off Cape Gelidonya included precious metals such as gold, silver, and electrum, ivory from both elephants and hippopotami,  ostrich eggs, raw stone material such as gypsum, lapis lazuli,  lapis  Lacedaemonius, carnelian, andesite, and obsidian; spices such as coriander,  frankincense, and myrrh; manufactured goods such as pottery, seals, carved ivories, textiles, furniture, stone and metal vessels, and weaponry; and agricultural produce of wine, olive oil,  flax, hides and wool. Evidence for social stratification is found in the elaborate tombs excavated into hillsides, with multiple chambers and corbelled roofs. Like the Egyptian monuments, these were often built during the lifetime of the individual intended for interment. The strongest evidence for the social system of Mycenaean culture came with the decipherment of their written language, Linear B, which needs a bit more explanation. Troys Destruction According to Homer, when Troy was destroyed, it was the Mycenaeans who sacked it. Based on the archaeological evidence, about the same time Hisarlik burned and was destroyed, the entire Mycenaean culture was also under attack. Beginning about 1300 BC, the rulers of the capital cities of the Mycenaean cultures lost interest in constructing elaborate tombs and expanding their  palaces  and began to work in earnest on strengthening the fortification walls and building underground access to water sources. These efforts suggest preparation for warfare. One after another, the palaces burned, first Thebes, then Orchomenos, then Pylos. After Pylos burned, a concerted effort was expended on the fortification walls at Mycenae and Tiryns, but to no avail. By 1200 BC, the approximate time of the destruction of Hisarlik, most of the palaces of the Mycenaeans had been destroyed. There is no doubt that the Mycenaean culture came to an abrupt and bloody end, but it is unlikely to have been the result of warfare with Hisarlik.

Strategic Analysis of Nike - 8813 Words

------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- STRATEGIC ANALYSIS OF ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------†¦show more content†¦The connections in this chain drive our decision making. For example, the quality of planning shapes the choices for manufacturing. Nearly 85% of Nike’s footwear manufacturing waste is now diverted from landfill or incineration through recycling and other efforts. Such design decisions, in turn, determine whether a product can be recycled at the end of its life. Design choices can also eliminate the need for toxics in the manufacturing process, and the ability to get toxics out of products determines whether materials can be recycled in a closed loop. Working with the right manufacturers means better insight and control of quality and in performance for the environment and their workers. Choosing the right partners for moving products around improves Nike’s ability to gather and track data on transportation emissions and to get products where they need to be at the right time. Each choice ha s financial, environmental and social impacts that are intertwined and mutually dependent. The Nike value chain outlines each phase, where the greatest impacts occur, and some of the key tools it uses to increase efficiencies, reduceShow MoreRelatedStrategic Analysis of Nike1213 Words   |  5 PagesNike Case Analysis Nike is a worlds leading supplier of athletic shoes and apparel. The company was founded in 1964, when it was selling shoes to athletes. It grow rapidly through the 1970’s, and expanded its product lines to produce footwear in the categories of running, training, basketball, casual shoes, and kids shoes. As the bloom faded from the domestic athletic footwear market, the company entered active apparel market in 1978. Nike made a series of strategic decisions in 1970’s and earlyRead MoreStrategic Analysis Nike1619 Words   |  7 PagesSTRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ASSIGNMENT NIKE: Strategic Analysis SUBMITTED TO: AMIT SINHA SUBMITTED BY: Varun Bhatia 191181 FMG 19C Nike’s Global Business Strategy When first founded in 1962 under the name of Blue Ribbon Sports, the strategy was â€Å"to distribute low-cost, high-quality Japanese athletic shoes to American consumers in an attempt to break Germany’s domination of the domestic industry.† Today Nike offers athletic shoes at every marketable price point to a global market. Nike sustainsRead MoreNike Strategic Analysis3456 Words   |  14 PagesIntroduction Every box of Nike shoes states, engineered and built to the exact specifications for championship athletes around the world. Nike has become the measuring stick in the world of merchandising and endorsing. Top athletes around the world are often seen with a famous Nike swoosh on their shoes. 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It was the company Phil Knight, our founder, and legendary track coach Bill Bowerman created in 1964 to provide athletes with better shoes.Read MoreStrategic Analysis of Nike Inc12147 Words   |  49 Pagesp.8 Company AnalysisÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…p.9 Industry AnalysisÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…......p.24 Top Competitor AnalysisÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â….p.25 Other External ForcesÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â….p.26 Key OpportunityÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…..Â….Â…p.27 Key ThreatÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…p.27 Major and Subordinate ProblemsÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â….Â…Â…p.28 Strategic MatchÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…...p.29 Primary Strategic Match PositionÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Read MoreStrategic Management Analysis of Nike2519 Words   |  11 PagesNIKE _______________ IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT _______________ BY: Castronuevo, Jan Clark Meer, Regginald Young, Johnedel Quintero, Arvin Dioneda, Jefrick September 18, 2009 Section 1 - Executive Summary Back before the Swoosh logo and long before the days we were called Nike, there was Blue Ribbon Sports (BRS). 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Deception Point Page 63 Free Essays

â€Å"Obviously, this is devastating for the senator,† the analyst was saying. â€Å"The President and NASA have claimed an incalculable triumph with this discovery. News like this would revitalize the President’s campaign regardless of Sexton’s position on NASA, but with Sexton’s admission today that he would go so far as to abolish NASA funding outright if need be†¦ well, this presidential announcement is a one-two punch from which the senator will not recover. We will write a custom essay sample on Deception Point Page 63 or any similar topic only for you Order Now † I was tricked, Sexton said. The White House fucking set me up. The analyst was smiling now. â€Å"All of the credibility NASA has lost with Americans recently has just been restored in spades. There’s a real feeling of national pride out there on the streets right now.† â€Å"As there should be. They love Zach Herney, and they were losing faith. You’ve got to admit, the President was lying down and took some pretty big hits recently, but he’s come out of it smelling like a rose.† Sexton thought of the CNN debate that afternoon and hung his head, thinking he might be sick to his stomach. All of the NASA inertia he had so carefully built up over the last months had not only come to a screeching halt, but it had become an anchor around his neck. He looked like a fool. He’d been brazenly played by the White House. He was already dreading all the cartoons in tomorrow’s paper. His name would be the punch line to every joke in the country. Obviously, there would be no more quiet SFF campaign funding. Everything had changed. All of the men who had been in his apartment had just seen their dreams go down the toilet. The privatization of space had just struck a brick wall. Taking another hit of cognac, the senator stood up and walked unevenly to his desk. He gazed down at the unhooked phone receiver. Knowing it was an act of masochistic self-flagellation, he slowly replaced the phone receiver in its cradle and began counting the seconds. One†¦ two†¦ The phone rang. He let the machine pick up. â€Å"Senator Sexton, Judy Oliver from CNN. I’d like to give you an opportunity to react to the NASA discovery this evening. Please call me.† She hung up. Sexton started counting again. One†¦ The phone started ringing. He ignored it, letting the machine get it. Another reporter. Holding his bottle of Courvoisier, Sexton wandered toward the sliding door of his balcony. He pulled it aside and stepped out into the cool air. Leaning against the railing, he gazed out across town to the illuminated facade of the White House in the distance. The lights seemed to twinkle gleefully in the wind. Bastards, he thought. For centuries we’ve been looking for proof of life in the heavens. Now we find it in the same fucking year as my election? This wasn’t propitious, this was goddamned clairvoyant. Every apartment window for as far as Sexton could see had a television on. Sexton wondered where Gabrielle Ashe was tonight. This was all her fault. She’d fed him NASA failure after NASA failure. He raised the bottle to take another swig. Goddamned Gabrielle†¦ she’s the reason I’m in this so deep. Across town, standing amid the chaos of the ABC production room, Gabrielle Ashe felt numb. The President’s announcement had come out of left field, leaving her suspended in a semicatatonic haze. She stood, lock-kneed in the center of the production room floor, staring up at one of the television monitors while pandemonium raged around her. The initial seconds of the announcement had brought dead silence to the newsroom floor. It had lasted only moments before the place erupted into a deafening carnival of scrambling reporters. These people were professionals. They had no time for personal reflection. There would be time for that after the work was done. At the moment, the world wanted to know more, and ABC had to provide it. This story had everything-science, history, political drama-an emotional mother lode. Nobody in the media was sleeping tonight. â€Å"Gabs?† Yolanda’s voice was sympathetic. â€Å"Let’s get you back into my office before someone realizes who you are and starts grilling you on what this means for Sexton’s campaign.† Gabrielle felt herself guided through a haze into Yolanda’s glass-walled office. Yolanda sat her down and handed her a glass of water. She tried to force a smile. â€Å"Look on the bright side, Gabs. Your candidate’s campaign is fucked, but at least you’re not.† â€Å"Thanks. Terrific.† Yolanda’s tone turned serious. â€Å"Gabrielle, I know you feel like shit. Your candidate just got hit by a Mack truck, and if you ask me, he’s not getting up. At least not in time to turn this thing around. But at least nobody’s splashing your picture all over the television. Seriously. This is good news. Herney won’t need a sex scandal now. He’s looking far too presidential right now to talk sex.† It seemed a small consolation to Gabrielle. â€Å"As for Tench’s allegations of Sexton’s illegal campaign finance†¦ † Yolanda shook her head. â€Å"I have my doubts. Granted, Herney is serious about no negative campaigning. And granted, a bribery investigation would be bad for the country. But is Herney really so patriotic that he would forgo a chance to crush his opposition, simply to protect national morale? My guess is Tench stretched the truth about Sexton’s finances in an effort to scare. She gambled, hoping you’d jump ship and give the President a free sex scandal. And you’ve got to admit, Gabs, tonight would have been a hell of a night for Sexton’s morals to come into question!† Gabrielle nodded vaguely. A sex scandal would have been a one-two punch from which Sexton’s career never would have recovered†¦ ever. â€Å"You outlasted her, Gabs. Marjorie Tench went fishing, but you didn’t bite. You’re home free. There’ll be other elections.† Gabrielle nodded vaguely, unsure what to believe anymore. â€Å"You’ve got to admit,† Yolanda said, â€Å"the White House played Sexton brilliantly-luring him down the NASA path, getting him to commit, coaxing him to put all his eggs in the NASA basket.† Totally my fault, Gabrielle thought. â€Å"And this announcement we just watched, my God, it was genius! The importance of the discovery entirely aside, the production values were brilliant. Live feeds from the Arctic? A Michael Tolland documentary? Good God, how can you compete? Zach Herney nailed it tonight. There’s a reason the guy is President.† And will be for another four years†¦ â€Å"I’ve got to get back to work, Gabs,† Yolanda said. â€Å"You sit right there as long as you want. Get your feet under you.† Yolanda headed out the door. â€Å"Hon, I’ll check back in a few minutes.† Alone now, Gabrielle sipped her water, but it tasted foul. Everything did. It’s all my fault, she thought, trying to ease her conscience by reminding herself of all the glum NASA press conferences of the past year-the space station setbacks, the postponement of the X-33, all the failed Mars probes, continuous budget bailouts. Gabrielle wondered what she could have done differently. Nothing, she told herself. You did everything right. It had simply backfired. 74 The thundering navy SeaHawk chopper had been scrambled under a covert operation status out of Thule Air Force Base in northern Greenland. It stayed low, out of radar range, as it shot through the gale winds across seventy miles of open sea. Then, executing the bizarre orders they had been given, the pilots fought the wind and brought the craft to a hover above a pre-ordained set of coordinates on the empty ocean. â€Å"Where’s the rendezvous?† the copilot yelled, confused. They had been told to bring a chopper with a rescue winch, so he anticipated a search-and-retrieve operation. â€Å"You sure these are the right coordinates?† He scanned the choppy seas with a searchlight, but there was nothing below them except- How to cite Deception Point Page 63, Essay examples

Materials science free essay sample

What Is the principal cause of tool wear In ECMA? There is no tool wear to speak of in ECMA as the tool is protected chaotically during the process. There may be some chemical reaction between the tool and the electrolyte when the power is off, depending upon the materials involved. What Is the nature of the surface obtained by electro discharge machining? The surface Is heated by the sparks to either melt or even vaporize metal. The melted metal is washed away by the dielectric. The sparks cut small, spherical shaped, cups into the surface. The surface is covered with recast (melted and reclassified) metal.Thus, there will always be a hard, brittle, surface layer on EDM part surfaces. What process would you recommend to make many small holes In a very hard alloy where the holes will be used for cooling and venting? Again, LBS. Is good for small holes in hard metals and since they are being used for venting, the recast layer should not be a problem. We will write a custom essay sample on Materials science or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The low MR. rate may make for long machining cycles, so ECMA may be preferred. EDM is not preferred for small holes. ECMA able to drill really small holes, and has a 50:1 ratio in high-strength with no residual stress on the surface.Broaching/Sailing/Filling What is the main function of a gullet in the broach in the broach during a broaching operation? Gullet must take the excess chip, which allows the operator to collect the unwanted chips. Name two advantages of shell construction for a pull broach? Possible to make these with really lose cost steels If any wear occurs, we can only replace that shell without replacing the whole thing. Name one DVD. One dismal. For broaching and two examples. Quick Can be expensive Slots, Keyholes Machete ay thesauruses Nat is the principal cause of tool wear in ECMA?Nat is the nature of the surface obtained by electro discharge machining? The surface is heated by the sparks to either melt or even vaporize metal. The melted rush, there will always be a hard, brittle, surface layer on EDM part surfaces. Nat process would you recommend to make many small holes in a very hard alloy Inhere the holes will be used for cooling and venting? Again, LBS. is good for small reaching/Sawing/Filing Nat is the main function of a gullet in the broach in the broach during a broaching If any wear occurs, we can only replace that shell without replacing the whole thing.

Human Development Adolescence as the Most Important Age Range

The Death of Emperor Montezuma

The Death of Emperor Montezuma In November of 1519, Spanish invaders led by Hernan Cortes arrived in Tenochtitlan, the capital city of the Mexica (Aztecs). They were welcomed by Montezuma, the mighty Tlatoani (emperor) of his people. Seven months later, Montezuma was dead, possibly at the hands of his own people. What happened to the Emperor of the Aztecs? Montezuma II Xocoyotzà ­n, Emperor of the Aztecs Montezuma had been selected to be Tlatoani (the word means speaker) in 1502, the maximum leader of his people: his grandfather, father and two uncles had also been tlatoque (plural of tlatoani). From 1502 to 1519, Montezuma had proven himself to be an able leader in war, politics, religion, and diplomacy. He had maintained and expanded the empire and was lord of lands stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Hundreds of conquered vassal tribes sent the Aztecs goods, food, weapons, and even slaves and captured warriors for sacrifice. Cortes and the Invasion of Mexico In 1519, Hernan Cortes and 600 Spanish conquistadors landed on Mexicos Gulf coast, establishing a base near the present-day city of Veracruz. They began slowly making their way inland, collecting intelligence through Cortes interpreter/mistress Doà ±a Marina (Malinche). They befriended disgruntled vassals of the Mexica and made an important alliance with the Tlaxcalans, bitter enemies of the Aztecs. They arrived in Tenochtitlan in November and were initially welcomed by Montezuma and his top officials. Capture of Montezuma The wealth of Tenochtitlan was astounding, and Cortes and his lieutenants began plotting how to take the city. Most of their plans involved capturing Montezuma and holding him until more reinforcements could arrive to secure the city. On November 14, 1519, they got the excuse they needed. A Spanish garrison left on the coast had been attacked by some representatives of the Mexica and several of them were killed. Cortes arranged a meeting with Montezuma, accused him of planning the attack, and took him into custody. Amazingly, Montezuma agreed, provided he be able to tell the story that he had voluntarily accompanied the Spanish back to the palace where they were lodged. Montezuma Captive Montezuma was still allowed to see his advisors and participate in his religious duties, but only with Cortes permission. He taught Cortes and his lieutenants to play traditional Mexica games and even took them hunting outside of the city. Montezuma seemed to develop a sort of Stockholm Syndrome, in which he befriended and sympathized with his captor, Cortes: when his nephew Cacama, lord of Texcoco, plotted against the Spanish, Montezuma heard of it and informed Cortes, who took Cacama prisoner. Meanwhile, the Spanish continually badgered Montezuma for more and more gold. The Mexica generally valued brilliant feathers more than gold, so much of the gold in the city was handed over to the Spanish. Montezuma even ordered the vassal states of the Mexica to send gold, and the Spaniards amassed an unheard-of fortune: it is estimated that by May they had collected eight tons of gold and silver. Massacre of Toxcatl and Return of Cortes In May of 1520, Cortes had to go to the coast with as many soldiers as he could spare to deal with an army led by Panfilo de Narvaez. Unbeknownst to Cortes, Montezuma had entered into a secret correspondence with Narvez and had ordered his coastal vassals to support him. When Cortes found out, he was furious, greatly straining his relationship with Montezuma. Cortes left his lieutenant Pedro de Alvarado in charge of Montezuma, other royal captives and the city of Tenochtitlan. Once Cortes was gone, the people of Tenochtitlan became restless, and Alvarado heard of a plot to murder the Spanish. He ordered his men to attack during the festival of Toxcatl on May 20, 1520. Thousands of unarmed Mexica, most of the members of the nobility, were slaughtered. Alvarado also ordered the murder of several important lords held in captivity, including Cacama. The people of Tenochtitlan were furious and attacked the Spaniards, forcing them to barricade themselves inside the Palace of Axaycatl. Cortes defeated Narvaez in battle and added his men to his own. On June 24, this larger army returned to Tenochtitlan and was able to reinforce Alvarado and his embattled men. Death of Montezuma Cortes returned to a palace under siege. Cortes could not restore order, and the Spanish were starving, as the market had closed. Cortes ordered Montezuma to reopen the market, but the emperor said that he could not because he was a captive and no one listened to his orders anymore. He suggested that if Cortes freed his brother Cuitlahuac, also held prisoner, he might be able to get the markets to reopen. Cortes let Cuitlahuac go, but instead of reopening the market, the warlike prince organized an even fiercer attack on the barricaded Spaniards.   Unable to restore order, Cortes had a reluctant Montezuma hauled to the roof of the palace, where he pleaded with his people to stop attacking the Spanish. Enraged, the people of Tenochtitlan threw stones and spears at Montezuma, who was badly wounded before the Spanish were able to bring him back inside the palace. According to Spanish accounts, two or three days later, on June 29, Montezuma died of his wounds. He spoke to Cortes before dying and asked him to take care of his surviving children. According to native accounts, Montezuma survived his wounds but was murdered by the Spanish when it became clear that he was of no further use to them. It is impossible to determine today exactly how Montezuma died. Aftermath of Montezuma's Death With Montezuma dead, Cortes realized that there was no way he could hold the city. On June 30, 1520, Cortes and his men tried to sneak out of Tenochtitlan under cover of darkness. They were spotted, however, and wave after wave of fierce Mexica warriors attacked the Spaniards fleeing over the Tacuba causeway. About six hundred Spaniards (roughly half of Cortes army) were killed, along with most of his horses. Two of Montezumas children - which Cortes had just promised to protect - were slain alongside the Spaniards.  Some Spaniards were captured alive and sacrificed to the Aztec gods. Nearly all of the treasure was gone as well. The Spanish referred to this disastrous retreat as the Night of Sorrows. A few months later, reinforced by more conquistadors and Tlaxcalans, the Spanish would re-take the city, this time for good. Five centuries after his death, many modern Mexicans still blame Montezuma for poor leadership which led to the fall of the Aztec Empire. The circumstances of his captivity and death have much to do with this. Had Montezuma refused to allow himself to be taken captive, history would most likely have been very different. Most modern Mexicans have little respect for Montezuma, preferring the two leaders who came after him, Cuitlahuac and Cuauhtà ©moc, both of whom fought the Spanish fiercely. Sources Diaz del Castillo, Bernal. . Trans., ed. J.M. Cohen. 1576. London, Penguin Books, 1963. Hassig, Ross. Aztec Warfare: Imperial Expansion and Political Control. Norman and London: University of Oklahoma Press, 1988. Levy, Buddy. New York: Bantam, 2008. Thomas, Hugh . New York: Touchstone, 1993.

Social Responsibility and the Community Research Paper

Social Responsibility and the Community - Research Paper Example Notably, corporate social responsibility promotes the reputation of the company and creates a competitive advantage. In the modern world, organizations are under pressure to practice corporate social responsibility while still making profits. Indeed, it has become an expectation for all organizations to be ethically and socially responsible for the benefit of the organization and the society (ISO, 2010). This paper will research and write an analysis of Starbucks social actions in the community. Analysis Starbucks Coffee Company is the leading coffee retailer, roaster, and brand of specialty coffee in the world. Starbucks originated from Seattle, USA, but today it operates in over 60 countries with more than 18,000 stores. Starbucks specializes in premium and sell salads, books, gifts, warm and cold beverages, and other accessories. Due to its wide market network, high quality of its products, and the wide range of products, Starbucks commands a significant market presence where it h as the largest customer base in the coffee other blend- drinks industry. As a result, it interacts with many societies and therefore influences their lives. Therefore, there is need for a corporate social responsibility strategy to guide the operations of Starbucks Coffee Company all over the world. ... Indeed, it is clear from the organization’s website that Starbucks adopted various corporate social responsibility strategies with a view of achieving its mission statement. Specifically, the corporate social responsibility strategies adopted by Starbucks includes the 2000 partnership with Conservation International aimed at creating ethical coffee-sourcing guidelines (Bruhn-Hansen, 2012) and the formulation of the Starbucks Foundation. Moreover, Starbucks seeks to be accountable to all Starbucks stakeholders and making social investments in origin countries as well as minimizing their environmental impact. Additionally, the organization participates in the Global Month of Service. There are various pros and cons to the application of the respective corporate social responsibility strategies adopted by Starbucks Coffee Company. For example, the 2000 partnership with Conservation International aimed at creating ethical coffee-sourcing guidelines derives notable pros and cons. I n this strategy, Starbucks boosts the lives of farmers by purchasing at outright prices, signing long-term contracts, and buying directly from farms and cooperatives (Starbucks Corporation, 2013). This equally ensures sustainable supply of high-quality coffee to the organization. Moreover, through the Ecologic Enterprise Ventures and the CI Foundation, Starbucks avails credit facilities to farmers (Starbucks, 2001). Nevertheless, an outright price and long-term contracts hinders the farmer from enjoying better prices from other companies in the near future. More so, there is a risk to the repayment of the loans given to the farmers. On the other hand, the partnership allows Starbucks to give financial incentives and rewards to coffee suppliers who conserve the environmental and demonstrate

Decision Making Tools Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Decision Making Tools - Assignment Example According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that quote (year) mentioned that the advantage with working with decision-making tools is that they ensure that the approach to decision making is always systematic. It also ensures that the one taking the decision can at least be guaranteed of a certain degree of an outcome, especially when a particular tool proves to be effective for a particular kind of decision (quote). So far in this course, there have been the utilization and use of a number of decision-making tools, all of which have been applied in different scenarios to solve identified problems. In this paper, a toolbox of techniques and analysis tools is constructed. Quote (year) referred to techniques and analysis tools simply as decision tools as they help in easing the whole decision-making process. The toolbox is, therefore, a simple collection of organized tools in a way that makes it possible to use each tool in solving a peculiar problem. When making the decision, there are several tools that can be used to satisfy different goals. One important thing about each of these tools is that they tend to solve one kind of problem or situation better than others (quote). Knowing this, the decision matrix is created by considering a number of factors or scenarios that can arise in any typical decision-making process. Based on differences in the factors, there is a weighting given to each of them. Then after, each decision-making tool is scored against one of the factors. When using the decision matrix for regular personal decisions, quote (year) advised on the need to have an un-weighted matrix before a weighted one. This makes it easier to bring out the key scoring that is done for each tool and how it fits each factor. Table one below is an example of four major decision-making tools may be scored against five major factors when taking the decision.

Exploratory essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Exploratory - Essay Example I have taken information from other primary and secondary resources to demonstrate that consumption of organic food has more advantages to human health, the environment and the economy than consumption of GM food; but before I had amassed this knowledge, I was already of the opinion that consuming organic food is better that consuming GM food. This view was formed by my own personal experience; I had purchased some GM strawberries and although they were very large and looked perfect in appearance as compared to the smaller and oddly shaped organic strawberries, they were tasteless compared to the sweeter organic strawberries. I had also known that organic food does not use chemicals such as pesticides or tamper with the genes of food as is the case with GM food, so I assumed that eating organic food would be much safer. Though this seems like a biased view, I did conduct the research and examined many articles on both GM and organic food to find out if my preconceived notions about t he benefits of organic food were true. The information I found did actually corroborate my assumptions about organic and GM food, and so, my research question remains that consuming organic food is more advantageous because it tastes better than, is more environmentally friendly than, is safer to human health than, and better at promoting local economy than, consumption of GM food. 1. Part 2: What I have learned so far about my subject (the search). 2. Chait, n.p Chait, Jennifer. "8 Reasons Why Consumers Should Buy Organic Food."Http://organic.about.com/. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 July 2013. . 3. Organic food is better than GM food since eating it is tasty, safe and does not contain any chemicals. Also, its production minimizes risk to the environment, since it does not pollute water bodies like production of GM food does, and neither does its farming techniques result in soil erosion and damage to the land. 4. (a) Chait demonstrates that not only is consumption of organic food

Analysis of online auction site ebid

Analysis of online auction site ebid EBid is an online auction website, which was cofounded by Mark Wilkinson and Gary Sewell in December 1998 in UK. They did not take the normal approach of putting huge amount of capital initially to establish the business, they built their site backwards by building a self sufficient auction site which would attract and retain customers. The initial version of EBid went on air in January 1999. EBid now operates in more than 20 countries including UK, USA, Canada, Australia, Austria, Belgium, India Italy, France, Germany, Spain, Netherland, Denmark, Norway, New Zealand, Portugal, Sweden, Singapore and South Africa. It lists to buyers in other 100 countries as well. EBid has its own online payment service PPPay, which deals in paying Euros and Pounds Shillings. But this is not restrictive as EBid also accepts payment through PayPal and Google Checkout. PPPay.com is simple and comparatively secure which makes EBid a safe marketplaces on the virtual world for everyone including individuals, small and big companies equally. The closest competitor of EBid is Ebay, OnlineAuctions, Oztion etc. In a recent online auction review EBid stood second, closing behind EBay. EBid is often termed as the best Ebay alternative. EBid has numerous auction goods in more than 3,500 product categories, which includes music, collectibles, clothing, jewellery, electronics, games and antiques etc. EBids search capability lets its customers find items in their own region or check globally the choice of items they are interested in. There is a Wanted feature which allows buyers to post a free advertisement and list the acceptable price. Sellers can then bid for the same with the given requirements. Membership level EBid offers three membership levels to their customers. Buyers: There is no membership fee. It is free of cost to join EBid and buy there. Seller: It is free to join and list on the auction. And if the product put on the auction is sold off, a minimal of 3% of the final value is charged. Sellers are required to give their credit or debit card verification for safety purposes. Seller Plus: It is the membership based on subscription which charges the seller with a recurring fee every 73090 days or 365 days. EBid also offers a lifetime membership which is a onetime charge of  £49.99. Seller Plus members can open five shops for no charge. They can also list a free auction of which the final fee is none. And for gallery type auction 2% fee is charged. Seller Plus+ members can use a type of software called the Bulk lister spread sheet which list many items at the same time, also there is software called as Ninja Lister in which you can use EBids cross-platform. Registration and upgrading A registration form is to be filled up by the users to register as buyers at EBid. For upgrading to SELLER or SELLER+ a security subscription is to be purchased. Upgrade Fees SELLER  : Rs. 0.00 SELLER+ : 7 Day Rs. 59.00 30 Day Rs. 210.00 90 Day Rs. 510.00 365 Day Rs. 1800.00 Lifetime Rs. 2000.00 (Refer to appendix Figure 1) Buddy programs and affiliations An affiliate program is a system in which a customer advertise EBid at their emails or their websites etc, and then if someone joins EBid then it pays the introducer a amount of $2.00 /  £1.00. The EBid Buddy Points program is a Loyalty Card system. The customer can earn and accumulate points during his bidding or selling, they can be used everywhere at the site. Once the invited people join 1 point per person is awarded to the customer. If they then upgrade to SELLER another point will be earned, and if they upgrade to Seller+ 2 points will be earned. The buddy points then can be later used in different buddy auctions. Points are also available via the following trigger points  [1]  . Referring a Buddy = 1 points Buddy SELLER Upgrade = 2 points Buddy SELLER+ Upgrade = 5 points Making a Bid Meeting Reserve = 0.5% of reserve price (max 5 points) Purchasing via Winning Bid = 1.0% of final bid (max 5 points) Purchasing Using BuyNow = 1.0% of BuyNow price (max 5 points) Receiving Positive Feedback = 0.5% of final bid OR BuyNow price (max 5 points) Online Auction Business Model There are several business models associated with online auction model namely business to consumer (B2C), consumer to consumer (C2C), business to business (B2B), business to government (B2G), and government to public (G2P). EBid adopts a customer-to-customer business model, as it allows direct interaction of customers. A customer to customer interaction is defined as the interaction of n customers that affects the value, demand and credibility of a desired good. It avoids medalling of a business firm/company etc in between the two customers. In Customer-to-customer markets the website facilitates a platform where customers can sell goods to each other. EBid has globalised and centralized customer-to-customer trade. The most primal such customer interaction were seen in flea markets, garage sales etc. Online auction sites have given it a new global edge to it. On one single platform buyers and sellers can find the items and transact for the best deal. Listing an item on EBid is free of cost but they charge a nominal of 3% fee on the final sale price. At the end of an auction, EBid notifies the winning buyer through given e-mail that he has won the auction. It also contact the seller via email to report the winner and the final price of the auction. Then it is upto the buyer and seller how to complete the transaction independently. EBid doesnt charge buyers any fee to shop and place bids, so it makes money by charging fees from sellers. Advantages The middleman concept is removed. The customers are benefited more by the elimination. Large number of bidders and sellers As the online auctions are open to all, many people who have saleable product go online to sell, which increases the number of bidders too. Time barrier there is no time constraints as anyone can sell or purchase at any hour of the day. Due to globalisation people from different countries interact with each other to transact. It offers wider range of products and services. Price factor prices at such sites are negotiable and the goods sold are cheaper. In such business model there is a lot of cost cutting, inevitable cost such as inventory cost, distribution, sales etc are deleted. Customer Value Proposition EBid has not kept any buyers fee, this encourages more buyers to participate. Whereas in other auction site there is a minimum buyers fee too. There is no listing fee too, sellers can put the goods up on auction without any charges, and this strategy gets many sellers to get involved. There is a nominal 3% fee charge on final sale value, which is not comparatively much. The buddy point system makes EBid more interactive and fun to use. EBid provides a lot of incentive such as special bidding by buddy points etc, this lets customer become more enthusiastic. Revenue Model As mentioned earlier EBid earns through final sale value that is 3 %. There is another way of EBid earning, it is through their subscription based membership called as SELLER Plus. Not all the auctions are opened for regular seller; there are some which are held only for seller plus members exclusively. EBid charges a fee based on membership validity. There are some fee charged by EBid from customer who wants to highlight their or customise their bidding. A table of the list of charges have been given below. Estimated market price of EBid.net is 1,366,632 USD. And its annual revenue for the last year was calculated as 683,316 USD. (Refer to appendix Figure 2) (Refer to appendix Figure 3) (Refer to appendix Figure 4) Competitors EBids main competitor is online auction giant EBay. Then comes onlineauctions, OZtions, overstock etc. Ebid is often termed as best ebay alternative. It has better price options, free bidding, free joining and free shop to boot. It offers English as well as dutch auctions. EBid has got buddy point system which let users invite more people. Finding a item in EBid is also not a problem, they have excellent navigation system. The photo gallery is also of good size and quality. EBid has an excellent customer support. Their FAQs cover all the major problem faced by the user. EBid has got easy payment options such as PPPay, PayPal, and google checkout. EBid has been made googles official product partner which gives it an edge. Summary Ebid is a well established online auction company which is growing at a fast rate. It offers some commendable features like; numerous auctions in over thousands of categories, very powerful search functioning, simple payment options, user friendliness, different range of auction types and no hidden cost. There are some improvisations needed in the field of their promotional activities. EBid can generate better revenues if they start selling their web space for advertisements and it will help them grow their network. Their wanted section is still not well defined and should be made more visible to the customers by more promotions. Figure : Account types Figure : Traffic Rank and number of visitors. Figure : Revenue system Figure : Unique visitor count

Ethics Of Cheating Essay -- essays research papers

Cheaters Never Win, Oh wait they do†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦they’re Cheaters Cheating is defined in the dictionary as, to deceive by trickery; swindle, however the dictionary fails to tell you if it is right or wrong to cheat. People have many different beliefs when it comes to cheating; some think its fine to do while others completely disapprove. I intend to show the different beliefs, from different perspectives of people, and also intend on proving which beliefs have the strongest and weakest arguments. An ethical egoist could argue that we have an obligation to cheat. Ethical egoists maintain the belief that we should act selfishly. We should do things that we believe in our self-interest, which is our own genuine interest. Egoist would cheat to benefit themselves, they believe that their own interest receives much more weight than everyone else’s interest. Egoist realize that we are solely responsible for their own lives, therefore if cheating would benefit their lives then cheating is acceptable. If we did not cheat it would bring possible misfortune to our lives. However, it could also be argued by ethical egoist that we do not have an obligation to cheat. Egoist would agree that morality is about overcoming our selfishness and living our life with positive concern for the well being of others. Cheating is not looking at the well being of others, but rather doing the complete opposite. Unless everyone in the country had the answers to the test, then it would be considered good to ch...

Being a Rich and Fabulous CEO Essay

CIMB Wealth Advisors (CWA) was incorporated in 1990. Since then, they have becoming among the top ranking in the wealth management and financial service industry. It provides a complete financial system with comprehensive solutions for wealth management for their client. On June 6 2013, CWA team successfully carried out a career talk for the student of INTI International University & College, Subang Jaya. Everyone can take part in this career talk especially to those who taking business course. The talk started at about 2:30pm with the master of ceremonies by one of our college student. She gave us a short background of the talk later. The MC then introduced the Vice president of CWA, John Lau. He started to explain to us the topic of the talk. The title of the talk was â€Å"Being a Rich and Fabulous CEO†. The purpose that having this talk with everyone is telling us the way and tips to become a successful CEO although just a normal business man. Firstly, he explain to us what’s CWA helping to us. He also let us know how much income that every level class of worker or manager earning every year. Beside that, he told us need to set a goal for our future. Instead, he let us know what attitude and personality that every successful person that must have. For example, do not order others people doing something else, but the best one is listens to the comment or feedback and do something on it. Every successful CEO or leader must listen to others in order to let other people to listen on you. Become a CEO was a dream of every human, but dream without action, dreams still remains dreams. The speech was finish in 35mins. After that, we having the â€Å"role playing game†. We separated to few small groups. The rules was create a new company with one CEO. CEO must be chosen in one of us inside the group. Then, we have to create a new plan for our company. Beside of that, the plan must be persuade the judges to sign up for our plan. The power of teamwork has shown when we giving our best idea to each other. The ability and the spirit of leadership are important for group or maybe a company. This talk help us a lot in what are the ways we need to do when we graduated and also planning our future from now on. There is no such thing as a free lunch, so we must start from the low.

Written Report Essay

Written Report Essay Written Report Essay Elsa Pham-Minh Evaluation of the argument Group Minds by Doris Lessing 1. Provide a short summary Doris Lessing’s Group Minds talks about the fact that human nature belongs to groups. Throughout the entire essay, Doris Lessing talks about critical thinking. What she means by critical thinking is the ability to think for ourselves and to disagree. According to Lessing, being able to think critically also means that we are educated and have our own opinions. She talks about critical thinking, because the government has a different definition of it. Indeed, the government wants us to believe that we are free-minded and independent thinkers, when in reality they just want us to obey to their rules, to agree with them and therefore stay uneducated. Indeed, Lessing believes that the educational systems of the Western World see themselves as being â€Å"free to do as I will†, but in reality, it is through psychological and sociological experiments reveal that â€Å"we are group animals†. Humans want to belong to a group, because most people do not want to be alone and they are afraid of being outsiders. Doris also talks about the individualists who, â€Å"stubbornly insist on telling the truth as they see it, but most give in to the majority opinion, obey the atmosphere† (Lessing 1). Furthermore, Doris talks about the fact that we all have a lot of information about ourselves, but we do not use it to improve ourselves, which is the general idea behind her essays. It is in this essay that Doris Lessing claims that the problem is not belonging to groups, because humans need companionship, but in not understanding the social laws that drive groups (Lessing 1). Indeed â€Å"it is the hardest thing in the world to maintain an individual dissident opinion, as a member of a group† (Lessing 1). 2. Determine the view or views the argument is opposing. In Group Minds, Doris Lessing mainly opposes the idea that people think they are free minds as it is not true. She argues that intellectuals with a reputation are no better than anyone else, which she proves with an experiment she conducted herself. She believes that the government is abusing its power and that it claims to be democratic when it is false. Although Lessing opposes the ideas rather than the practices of the government, she argues that the government withholds information about the human behavior from educational systems in order to keep people’s obedience to â€Å"slogans, rhetoric, leaders, and group emotions† (Lessing 6). She also claims that it needs to be taught to children, because ‘in the last fifty or so years, the human race has become aware of a great deal of information about its mechanisms; how it behaves, how it must behave under certain circumstances. If this is to be useful, you must learn to contemplate these rules calmly† (Lessing 6). Lessing believes this would never happen, because those in power seek to stay in power by foreclosing access to â€Å"hard information† regarding human behaviour. 3. Determine the soundness of the argument To support her argument, Doris Lessing uses multiple experiments as evidence, which raises the issue in a serious manner.

The Fighting Against Environmental Degradation

The Fighting Against Environmental Degradation The economic growth witnessed in the 20th century was accompanied by extremely high levels of environmental degradation (Smith, Harggroves Desha, 2010). This form of degradation was so significant that the existence of the planet was endangered.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Fighting Against Environmental Degradation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As a result, several countries started revising their economic development strategies by including environmental preservation (Smith, Harggroves Desha, 2010). Several international organizations also came into play in order to enhance the protection of the environment. This led to the emergence of decoupling of economic growth and fighting against environmental degradation as potential ways of advancing the planet towards a sustainable future. Several measures have been devised in order to attain the aforementioned strategies. Generally, these strategies targ et economic growth without causing physical degradation of the environment. It also ensures sustainability of both the environment and overall economy (OECD, 2001). Several measures have been initiated so as to enhance decoupling of environmental degradation as well as economic development. For instance, the overuse of natural resources with the desire to advance economic development is the initial area that requires attention (Volker, 2013). Both the public and private economic development investors need to develop new ways of resource utilization that will ensure environmental sustainability (Smith, Harggroves Desha, 2010). One of the best known initiatives is the ‘green economy’ movement. The latter targets mutual benefits that may be both economical and environmental in nature. Through this focus, the three pillars of sustainability namely the society, environment, and the economy are observed (Smith, Harggroves Desha, 2010).Advertising Looking for term pa per on ecology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In order to boost the effectiveness of the aforementioned pillars, countries across the world have developed policies and laws that ensure strict adherence to the environmental initiatives (OECD, 2001). These policies are meant to enhance continued economic development without degrading the environment. International organizations such as UNEP have stipulated the maximum amount of natural resources that are to be used annually across the world. The latter aims at regulating the use of resources such as water, materials, and energy (Taoisearch Kenny, 2010). This organization also ensures that natural resources are not depleted as a result of economic development. Initiatives such as the green belt movement target reforestation as an environmental conservation initiative. This initiative advocates for planting of trees as part of infrastructural development and environmental pre servation. The green energy initiative also asserts that it is vital to use materials that are renewable in the generation of energy. Furthermore, the initiative has proposed several non-toxic ways of producing energy (Volker, 2013). Moreover, the initiative aims at minimizing carbon emissions which are usually generated as byproducts in the energy generation processes. The use of green energy sources such as solar and wind energy have proved to be more sustainable especially in regards to economic development. The manufacturing industries are also expected to employ production processes that minimize the release of toxic substances into the environment (Taoisearch Kenny, 2010). The processes should employ technological skills that hinder emission of industrial by-products.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Fighting Against Environmental Degradation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The waste products should be biodegradable and have insignificant harm to the ecosystem (OECD, 2012). The use of more refined industrial manufacturing processes that have minimal wastes is one effective way of ensuring that such wastes are not released to the environment. The industrial products are also being evaluated on the levels of toxins deposited in the immediate environment. Regulations are currently in place to minimize release of non-biodegradable substances into the environment (OECD, 2012). In cases where such products are a necessity for economic stability, recycling is usually encouraged so that such wastes do not end up in the environment. Therefore, industries are encouraged to produce market and environment-friendly products. This is a business policy that targets a sustainable business environment (Taoisearch Kenny, 2010). References OECD (2001). The Transition to Sustainable Development: Are We Making Progress in Decoupling Economic Growth from Environmental Degradation? Web. OECD (2012). Ways to Decouple Economic Growth From Environmental Degradation. Web. Smith, M. H., Harggroves, K. C., Desha, C. (2010). Cents and Sustainability: Securing Our Common Future by Decoupling Economic Growth from Environmental Pressures. London: Routledge.Advertising Looking for term paper on ecology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Taoisearch, A., Kenny, E. (2010). Our Sustainable Future: A Framework For Sustainable Development For Ireland. Web. Volker, M. (2013). Lose Less Instead of Win More: The Failure of Decoupling and Perspectives for Competition in a Degrowth Economy. Environmental Values, 22(1), 43-57.

Developing Education in Saudi Arabia Research Paper

Developing Education in Saudi Arabia - Research Paper Example Religion trained in this way is also a mandatory subject for all university learners. As a result, Saudi Arabian youths lack the education and methodological skills the private sector requires" (Al-Ahmed, 2010). This Education System has stifled analytical thought, and as a result, the education curriculum does not favor advancement and resourcefulness; both of which are important to the development. This education system also focuses on the Arabic language so much that the English language is not giving any importance; thus the students find it difficult learning in the English language, in higher education. Therefore, something needs to be done to change the focus of education from the traditional Saudi techniques of memorization and rote education mainly in religious teachings in Arabic towards encouraging students to analyze and issue-solve as well as creating a worldlier and vocationally based literacy system that can only be taught in English. For this to be achieved, the Engli sh language needs to be mastered first. Company background (Al-wahhab, 1970) says that in Saudi Arabia, children aged 3–5 years go to kindergarten. On the other hand, attendance of nursery schools is not mandatory for enrollment of first grade of primary schools. Pre-schools are not part of the official education system. Some privately owned nurseries have come up with technical and financial help from the government. In accordance to Saudi Arabia’s government data, 100,714 children (51,364 males and 49,350 females) were in pre-primary education in 2007. The average enrollment rate was 10.8% in total; 11.1% boys and 10.4% girls according to UNESCO. This shows that there... This paper stresses that effective learner centered methods of teaching usually has positive results in student outcome. Teaching the English language in both primary and secondary will give a positive result if technology is used. Research indicates that computer technology can help support learning and is especially useful in developing the higher-order skills of critical thinking. This report makes a conclusion that this suggests that students can benefit from technology-enhanced collaborative learning methods and the interactive learning process. The integration of technology in teaching the English language and all other subjects in the English language will make the learning process interesting; in that the learners will be intrigued and eager to use technology in learning. The curriculum will be installed in the computers in the English language; to enable learners do private studies and practice reading on computers that will help in pronunciation and spelling even without the help of the teacher. Technology will also help fasten the realization of improving students’ results in higher education and other levels of education, as well. I would recommend for all recommendations of this report to be implemented immediately so as rectify the situation in the country’s higher education. The author of the paper says that the changes will also affe ct the general performance of all other subjects in they are followed in the teaching of the various subjects. There is a need for change, in the educational system, in Saudi Arabia.

Benefits and Limitations of Economic Analyses of Entrepreneurial Essay

Benefits and Limitations of Economic Analyses of Entrepreneurial Behaviour - Essay Example The researcher states that entrepreneurship consists in undertaking those activities which are generally not conducted in usual business routine. However, the entrepreneurial behavior in any country can be affected by economic analyses of a particular nation. The efficacy of entrepreneur improves if certain economic contexts such as political or governmental interference are less in a country. Several economists have defined the term ‘entrepreneur’ and their behavior in an economy. In economic theories, the knowledge of selection and decision making is essential for successful entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs demonstrate individual qualities which let certain persons make innovative decisions whose impact can be experienced in the long run. In every country, the entrepreneurial behavior is influenced by the suitability and setup of proper business foundations. For instance, political environment, economic environment, marketing aspects and technological aspects can significa ntly impact on the behavior of entrepreneurs. A stable, expectable and well-organized business environment with the strong governing system generally facilitates entrepreneurs to take innovative decisions. Entrepreneurs positively react to the environmental opportunities which in turn is related to economic analysis, because it can help to measure the benefits of opportunities identified. One of the most significant tasks of entrepreneurs is to discover and take advantage of opportunities. Opportunities for entrepreneurs can be defined by those environmental circumstances where products and services can be traded for the higher rate than the cost of production. Entrepreneurs typically decide when to utilize a market in order to support the discovery, and when to create a business to assist in facilitating the discovery. These decisions typically depend on the economic analyses of a country such as technological environment, marketing environment, and political environment. Before an entrepreneur earns revenue from an opportunity, he/she first analyze the worth of the opportunity. According to the discovery theory, there are two major assumptions which impact on entrepreneurial behavior.

Chauncy and Gay Male Culture, 1890-1940 (responses) Assignment

Chauncy and Gay Male Culture, 1890-1940 (responses) - Assignment Example I feel the response is correct in its assessment of gay male culture through the questions answered. The second response correctly identifies the three myths that Chauncey aims at dismantling. The response is however not very well detailed when it comes to assessing the questions raised. The author identifies the reasons for gay closure on a narrower perspective. The author should provide a wider perspective of the reasons gays remained closeted at certain points in history. The author provides his answers to the question as to why gay men got forced underground by simply quoting Chauncey. The author should elaborate on Chauncey’s reason a bit further. The response also has a few grammar mistakes in regards to the use of tenses and sentence structure which require ironing out. I feel the author in the second response has valid answers to the questions posed but needs to structure his sentences for his or her answers to come out more

Romantic Literature Essay Example for Free

Romantic Literature Essay Romance is described as a mysterious or fascinating quality or appeal, as of something adventurous, heroic, or strangely beautiful. Romance is often written about in many works throughout time. In the 18th century the â€Å"brooding† romantics shared an idea that all humans were capable of being evil. Their writing was often complex, mysterious, and filled with emotion. Washington Irving’s â€Å"The Devil and Tom Walker†, Edgar Allen’s â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†, and Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Minster’s Black Veil† are romantic stories because they emphasize on passion, nature, the individual, and the unusual. Even though Hawthorne, Poe, and Irving are all romantic writers, they use different elements to develop their stories. Washington Irving uses several romantic elements to tell the story of Tom Walker, an old miserly man who sells his soul the Devil in exchange for wealth. One element that is illustrated is the use of imagination and emotion once Tom became secure in his wealth he started to show how evil he really was, â€Å"Let the freebooter roast,’ said Tom; ‘who cares!’ He now felt convinced that all he had heard and seen was no illusion.† (Irving 319). As Tom starts to grow old he realizes how bad his deal with the Devil was, he attempts to undo his wrongdoing by becoming religious. Tom gets out of the deal and is left poor when he asks to be taken if he has made money off of hopeless people, Walker is left with nothing, and his fortune is now worth mere pennies. (Irving 324). Irving also shows an interest in the historic past, the Devil is guarding a hidden treasure buried by Kidd the pirate, the treasure was never recovered because of the pirate being killed. (Irving 312). While Tom Walker was taking a short cut home he comes across old Indian land. â€Å"Nothing remained of the old Indian for but a few embankments, gradually sinking to the level of the surrounding earth, and already overgrown in part by oaks and other forest trees, the foliage of which formed a contrast to the dark pines and hemlocks of the swamp.† (Irving 315). Finding an old Indian skull really sparked Walker’s interest in the bizarre; this is when the devil first comes in contact with Tom. (Irving 317). During this encounter the Devil describes who he really is, â€Å"I amuse myself by presiding at the persecutions of Quakers and Anabaptists; I am the great patron and prompter of slave dealers and the grand masters of the Salem witches.† (Irving 317). Washington Irving’s 18th century work is romantic literature because it exhibits the use of imagination and emotion, an interest in the historic past, and also an interest in the unusual, bizarre, or unfami liar. Poe uses a belief in the unusual, bizarre, or unfamiliar, a revolt against authority and an emphasis on imagination and feeling in his romantic writing. In this tale a disease called the Red Death infects a country, Prince Prospero decides to take everyone who has not came in contact with the illness to his palace where they will party all day and have a moment of silence at the sound of a clock ringing every hour, to commemorate being. (Poe 431). â€Å"Prince Prospero was happy and dauntless and sagacious. When his dominions were half depopulated, he summoned to his presence a thousand hale and lighthearted friends from among the knights and dames of his court . . . â€Å"(Poe 429). One day at midnight an uninvited guest arrived wearing a mask that resembles a corpse and his face has spots of blood, suggesting that he is a victim of the Red Death. The prince revolts against authority when he attacks the masked mummer for showing up to his party. (Poe 433). The palace where the festivities were held had intercut and bizarre rooms, each area was painted a different solid color, but the last room is black with red windows creating an eerie feeling. (Poe 430). To develop his story, Hawthorne used the elements of emphasis on the individual, emphasis on the unfamiliar, bizarre, or the unusual, and the use of imagination. â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil† walks the reader through a minister, Mr. Hooper, and his community once he starts to wear a black veil over his face every day. (Hawthorne 461). The people of Milford, including his fiancà ©e, were all confused on why the minister would not ever remove his veil. The tale is centered on Mr. Hopper and the reason for the veil, â€Å"A rumor of some unaccountable phenomenon had preceded Mr. Hooper into the meeting house, and set the entire congregation astir.† (Hawthorne 460). The face covering was mysterious and unusual to the public, they figured that the minister wearing the veil symbolized a horrible sin, â€Å"Swathed about his forehead, and hanging down over his face, so low as to be shaken by his breath, Mr. Hopper has on a black veil.† (Hawthorne 460). The minister never told anyone why he wore the shield on his face but demanded that people respect his decision to wear it. This caused him and his fiancà ©e, Elizabeth, to have arguments. Hawthorne uses imagination in this work when Elizabeth and Mr. Hopper have their final argument over the veil, â€Å"For a few moments she appeared lost in a thought, considering, probably, what new methods might be tried to withdraw her lover from so dark a fantasy, which, if it had no other meaning, was perhaps a symptom of mental disease.† (Hawthorne 467). His fiancà ©e leaves him, but come back years later to help take care of him in his last years; throughout the time they were apart she never married anyone else. On his death bed Mr. Hopper still did not remove the black veil; the town thought this to be bizarre but did not question his choice. (Hawthorne 470). The minister wished that his congregation would help him through his journey, but instead the gossiped and proved that they were not supportive churchgoers as they portrayed. Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil† proves that is a romantic work because it illustrates emphasis on the individual, emphasis on the unfamiliar, bizarre, or the unusual, and the use of imagination. Poe, Hawthorne, and Irving are romantic writers because their works use five different elements in order to create a short story. All three stories have a male character that had to make a choice without thinking about how it affected the people around them. The tales had emphasis on emotion, nature, and the individual. The â€Å"brooding† romantics were not like the authors that write romance novels now. Their writing was darker and definitely not as light hearted. Centuries later the definition of romance has changed drastically.

Why are brands are important?

Why are brands are important? Introduction : Today the brand is a word which we always hear, it has one important place in our societies. However, few people could define really what is the brand. This difficulty shows that the brand is a complex word, sending back in notion highly varied such as the psychology, the sociology, the finance, etc. As regards the marketing aspect, we often tend to confuse product and brand. Whereas the brand bases itself more particularly on (the image, the sensibility, a mission). We can ask ourself, what is a brand? In a definition, Georges Lewi, eminent specialist of the brand says that its the name and the group of the signs of a product, a service, a company that have for vocation to impose by their fame, market share, added value on a defined market segment. More and more, the brands have taken of importance in the management, and more particularly in the marketing. We noticed that the brand is not only a factories, products, but also the brand had a physical value, emotional value and especially financial. The measure of this value called the equity brand. The first is the financiers who show an attention on this notion of brand equity in the 80s. We saw that Perrier had been buy by Nestlà © for 2,4 billion euro, Coca-Cola had offered 800 million euro for the acquisition of Orangina which was worth for only 200 million euro, or sold Buitoni 35 times its profits. From then on, we cannot deny the importance of the brand equity, and the brand in generally, indeed it allows to build a credibility at the consumers, at the investors, and all the company. In this essay we talk about brand equity. In a first time we see that the brand equity has been a attention topic by the academic and practitioner. And after we are going to try to find the most brand equity model in terms of understanding consumer brand perceptions. 2-brand equity interest More of $50 million, it is the considerable costs of introducing a brand into a consumer market. It is a considerable investment and like most investments carries no guarantee of success. The recession focussed marketing managers on cost-saving tactics to increase competitiveness. One of the most important effects was to make brand extensions more compelling. Leveraging the brand equity of a successful brand promises to make introduction of a new entry less costly by trading on an established name. Since the early 1990s, The concept of brand equity has been the subject of a number of studies academics practitioners and academics primarily due to the importance in todays maintaining, marketplace of building and using brands to obtain strategic advantage. The brand equity has been described frequently as the value a brand name adds to a product and this concept refers to the basic idea that a products value to consumers, the firm and the trade is somehow enhanced when it is associated or identified over time with a set of unique elements that define the brand concept. Distinctly, such brand equity endowments come from current or potential consumer learning which influences how the product is encoded and behaved upon by consumers. It stands to reason that such learning is dynamic and influences consumer choice processes and outcomes either directly or indirectly by influencing the effectiveness of the branded products marketing mix elements. This increasing interest observed both in the literature and in the practice for the notion of leading capital is initially aroused for manager reasons. Indeed the managers to face up to a less and less stable request in markets, a more and more intense and international competition, faster and faster technological changes and more and more powerful distributors today. In these conditions of a turbulent market, an option consists in abandoning the marketing and commercial shares on the short-term profits and in adopting a vision longer term based on the construction of powerful brands that is a strong leading capital (Czellar and Denis, 2002). Another reason has also contributed to this interest for the brand equity. Kapferer see in 1998 that the mergers and acquisitions of companies which occurred during the last years, has stir up the problem of the financial evaluation of the value of assets of the firm in generally and the assets of the brands in particular.Two levels of analysis of brand equity are possible: the study of brand equity as value for the consumers customer-based equity brand or as financial value for firms firm-based equity brand . The concept of brand equity have been different definitions in the literature. Aaker defined in 1991 the brand equity as a set of brand assets and liabilities linked to a brand, its name and symbol, that add to or subtract from the value provided by a product or service to a firm ,or to the firms customers. In 1993 Keller proposed a cognitive psychology perspective, distinctive customer-based brand equity as the differential effect that brand knowledge has on consumer response to the marketing of that brand. In 1998 Erdem and Swait, dopting an information economics view, they argue that consumer-based brand equity is the value of a brand as a credible signal of a products position. More generally, Farquhar (1989) see that the brand equity is often referred to as the added value to the firm, the trade, or the cons umer with which a brand endows a product, or likewise, as the difference between the value of the product without that branding and the value of the branded product to the consumer (McQueen, 1991). Finally the brand equity has been subject attention because the many studies of consumer brand in different market show that successful brand extensions spent less on advertising than comparable new name products. Considering the savings and against the costs, brand extension may seem like a good alternative for some firm. This concept brand equity is today again one point of discord between the academics and practitioners. So the brand equity will be always a topic studie. Offshore Enterprise in Cyprus: Business Plan Offshore Enterprise in Cyprus: Business Plan

Power in OConnors The Artificial Nigger and Masons Shiloh Essay

Power in O'Connor's The Artificial Nigger and Mason's Shiloh Flannery O'Connor's story The Artificial Nigger and Bobbie Ann Mason's story Shiloh both possess characters that excercise power . Mr. Head, the main character that exercises power in The Artificial Nigger, is an old racist man, who claims to know everything. In Mason's story, Norma Jean, a simple southern woman who wants change in her life, is the main character that exercises power. Both characters are similar in their successful exercise of power; however, the effects their power have are different. Mr. Head's exercise of power has a negative effect on his grandson, Nelson, while Norma Jean's exercise of power serves as a way to benefit herself. Mr. Head's main focus is to make Nelson see black people as "niggers" and for Nelson to fear the city. Mr. Head's controling nature effects Nelson in a negative manner. From the beginning of the story, Mr. Head's powerful and controling personality is evident when the narrator states, "...he saw half of the moon five feet away in his shaving mirror, paused as if it were waiting to enter" (249). Mr. Head's desire to control also extends to all aspects of life. His intentions for Nelson are clear when he says, "...but I mean for him to get his fill once and for all" (254). By making Nelson feel powerless, Mr. Head steals away his innocence. Before influencing his grandson, Nelson's description of a black man is "'A man,'" but later in the story Nelson begins to see black people as "niggers," just like his grandfather (255). Fearing the cit y, also has a negative effect on Nelson. He holds pride in being born in Atlanta, but his grandfather wants to teach Nelson that "he had no cause for pride merely because he had been... ...aking classes, she is able to slowly but surely find her independence again. Norma Jean finally tells her husband that she wants to leave him because she does not want to "...feel eighteen again" (500). By leaving Leroy and starting a new life, Norma Jean is able to forget the pain and embarassment she felt many years ago. The power she possesses enables her to succeed in her wish to move on. The characters in both stories have similarities and differences. Mr. Head and Norma Jean use their power to get what they want. Both are similar because they are successful in exercising their power and are different becausse their power has different effects. Mr. Head thrives on control and succeeds in his plan to control his grandson. Norma Jean works at self-improvemennt so that she can leave her husband and continue to live the life that she has longed for. Â   Â  

Policing Practices and Operations Essay

Law enforcement officers have many duties. Law enforcement officers are sworn to serve and protect society as well as to fight crime. They also maintain order within their jurisdiction, as well as providing other services that the community will benefit from. Most of the time, police officers are considered to be crime fighters, in which this image has been brought to citizen’s attention by the media. The styles of policing should match the community in which they serve, so there is no conflict between the community and the law enforcement officer. The future policing structure does have a huge impact socially, economically, and politically within the community and the police departments general needs so that they can provide the proper policing that is needed. Life threatening situations take place in different circumstances, which includes the law enforcement agencies. Dangers Law enforcement officers face being wounded or murdered as they are on the line of duty in the United States, every year. The greatest threat a police officer will ever face is bodily harm and death. When a law enforcement officer is called to a scene and responds to a disturbance call, the law enforcement officer is confronted with the possibilities of violent actions from an armed suspect. Although, bodily harm as well as death upon a law enforcement officer are not the only dangers in policing. Family issues and stress related illnesses also can be contributing factors to the danger of a law enforcement officer and policing. Law enforcement officer’s jobs can surely take a toll on their lives as well as their well-being. If the pressures of their type of work are handled and coped with property, it could end up becoming life threatening. Today’s law enforcement officers are faced with many dangers within their everyday duties, like rival threats of getting shot. Examples are: vehicle pursuits, traffic control, and foot pursuit, stress, making an arrest, and sun exposure/duty equipment and biohazard exposure. These dangers are exposed to law enforcement officers on a daily basis. This is why it is important for law enforcement officers to wear their bulletproof vests as well as their belts that contain pepper spray, radio, handgun, baton, and handcuffs. All of this specified equipment usually will weigh up to about twenty pounds, which adds stress to the law enforcement officers hips, feet, knees, and back areas. Stress to the law enforcement officers body by getting in and out of their patrol vehicle up to about fifty times within one day, as they have to wear all of their equipment. Law enforcement officers are exposed to the extreme temperatures for many hours at a time. They may have to be in extreme heat c onditions, such as one hundred degree heat, while conducting traffic control at a scene of an accident. They also sometimes have to provide crime scene security when the weather may be in freezing conditions. Law enforcement officers are at the mercy of all weather conditions. Also, a lot of the times law enforcement officers are called to a scene and they are not properly prepared for it because of the weather conditions and they do not have the time to stop somewhere to get what they need to prepare themselves. They may have to stand out in extremely hot or freezing weather without the proper protection they may need or hydration they so desperately have to have. Law enforcement officer’s physical dangers have to be dealt with as well as trying to always be ready for the worst. As this can add so much mental and physical stress upon the law enforcement officer. They have to be aware of their surroundings and environment all the time. Law enforcement officers have to be alert as well as being prepared for all situations that may occur. The officer will rarely have time to get prepared for an emergency call. They have to sometimes rely on the training the received to be able to make important, split second decisions that are based on different circumstances. The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks gained the attention from all the departments within law enforcement. Within the federal policing agencies, they took precautionary measures to make sure that the people of  the United States were safe. Even though, the local and state agencies have managed to keep the people’s fears under control within the United States and communities as well. All of the agencies in the United States have to work fearlessly on preventing and reducing the citizen’s fears caused by terrorism. When terrorism is looked into, law enforcement agencies and Homeland security across the world are very imperative that the agencies try to work together in solving the crimes by using shared information and by having departmental as sistance. All in all, terrorism is always a danger for law enforcement officers. Statistics As reports were published by the National Police Officer Memorial Funds said that in 2010, officer’s fatalities treacherously rose. There was a two year drop of law enforcement mortalities in 2010 that rose to 160. This was intensified by about forty percent compared by looking at the year before. The data gathered by the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund indicated that for the thirteenth consecutive year, the number one cause of law enforcement officers deaths were contributed by traffic fatalities, within thirty nine states. Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia were also involved in law enforcement officer’s related deaths in 2010. Within the third consecutive year in a row, Texas, Florida, and California were ranked on top of the five states that involved the most of law enforcement fatalities. The Federal law enforcement Officers had a total of eleven law enforcement officers that were lost, including the Federal agents that lost their lives in the line of duty during 2010, along with United States Customs, two United States Border Patrol agents, and three Border Protection officers. According with the Federal Bureau of Investigations (2011) website, it stated that fifty-six law enforcement officers were killed in the line of duty. Thirty two law enforcement officers that were among the fifty-six, were employed within city police departments. Thirteen of them were employed for law enforcement agencies within cities of a population consisting of 250,000 or more people that reside there. In Puerto Rico and twenty two other states, there was also line of duty deaths as well. There were fifteen law enforcement officers who lost their lives in ambush situations as well. There were fourteen law enforcement officers that lost their lives in felonious attacks while involved in arrest situations. There were eight law enforcement officers that were killed when they were investigating suspicious persons/circumstances. There were seven law enforcement officers that were killed while working on traffic stops/pursuits. Six law enforcement officers were killed while answering to disturbance calls. There were three law enforcement officers that were killed while they were involved in tactical situations, like high risk entry, barricaded offender, hostage situations, etc. There were two law enforcement officers that were killed upon conducting investigations while searching, interviewing, and looking at surveillance. And one law enforcement officer was killed as they were maintaining custody of a prisoner or while transporting a prisoner. With future policing, I feel that it is important to have close communication with the homeland security. I personally feel that the more communication there is, the more we will progress and bring better policing skills. It is equally as important to have communication with all law enforcement agencies to help in improving all policing operations that are dealt with. In future policing, the importance of keeping law enforcement agencies relationships maintained will build better and stronger agencies. With the relationship within law enforcement agencies and homeland security are not as accurate as seemed. It is understood that all agencies serve different purposes, as they are all in charge of different types of areas within society to serve and protect. I believe that joining forces with other agencies would be beneficial. It would be beneficial because by all working together, there could be issues that could be addressed a lot better. Along with lack of communication among law enforcement agencies and homeland security, we would be able to better handle the various criminal issues better. I feel that this can also improve community policing and law enforcement relationships. With the new technology equipment that police officers receive, they can work on their policing styles, such as being reactive or proactive. Once these issues are changed, there will be better communication with other law enforcement agencies, as they would be able to serve and protect in much more positive ways. This will decrease crime rates as well as increasing practices that  are reactive. As crime rates decrease, and proactive and reactive practices are being practiced, then the start of confidence will show within all law enforcement agencies. Although, there are many differences in the power as well as the authority, responsibilities and roles, and the difference in jurisdiction at the local, state, and federal levels within law enforcement officers. It is clearly apparent that all of the dangers within them remain equally the same. References American bar association. (2011). Standards on urban police functions. Retrieved from http://www.americanbar.org/publications/criminal_justice_section_archive/crimjust_standards_urbanpolice.html Federal bureau of investigations. (2011). Officers feloniously killed. Retrieved from http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/leoka/leoka-2010/officers-feloniously-killed Crime in America.NET. (2011). Law enforcement fatalities dramatically increase in 2010. Retrieved from http://crimeinamerica.net/2011/01/04/law-enforcement-fatalities-dramatically-increase-in-2010/

Characteristics of Marcus Camillus and Augustus Octavian

Characteristics of Marcus Camillus and Augustus Octavian Marcus Furius Camillus is the Roman leader and military hero who managed to triumph for times. The Roman statesman is also considered the second founder of Rome. Augustus is the first founder of the Roman Empire. Therefore, leaders could be regarded as the founders of the Roman Empire.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Characteristics of Marcus Camillus and Augustus Octavian specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hence, during the reign of Augustus, the Romans experienced the peaceful existence for over two centuries despite the continuous expansion of the emperor. The wisdom of the Roman Emperor consisted in his ability to favor expansion policy with no harm to the Roman population. In his book, Augustus mentioned, â€Å"I made the sea peaceful and freed it of pirates† (section 25 n. p.). Hence, the Roman ruler managed to establish allegiance with Spanish, Gallic, and African governments. Unlike Augustus, Camillus wa s known as a tyrant who captured the Rome through violence and war. Acknowledged as a military leader, the Roman Senators appointed Marcus as the dictator to confront the Gauls. Despite his image of a violent and aggressive leader, Camillus managed to negotiate with Brennus, the Gallic leader, and made him leave Rome. The day after, the Gauls returned with refreshed army, but were defeated by Camillus. As a result, the Roman soldier was later appointed as Roman Emperor and was known as the dictator who reigned for the longest period. In the book, Livy refers to these events to emphasize the courage of the Roman leader: â€Å"†¦a general, selected by the fates, both for destruction of that city, and the preservation of his native country, Marcus Furius Camillus, was nominated dictator† (pg 475). The Roman Senate recognized the powerful tactics of fearless soldier although his violent attitude to the people was not welcomed. Both leaders brightly expressed their commitment to the welfare of Roman people and Italy. In this respect, Augustus is also known as the one who donated land, grain, and money to the Romans to improve their welfare.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More While enumerating his achievements, Augustus specifically refers to success in war and foreign policies and states, â€Å"the whole of Italy of its own free will swore allegiance to me and demanded me as the leader in the war† (sec. 25 n. p.). The first Roman Emperor reconciled conflicts on his territory and restored the stability in the country. He also received various awards and honors, which were represented in historic documents. The official title was among the highest honors assigned to a Roman. Unlike Augustus, Camillus’s achievements were less recognized among the Roman people. This is of particular concern to his return to the Capitolium. The Romans were n ot entirely satisfied with the policy and heroism of the dictator and, therefore, he was regarded as a nothing but an evil tyrant whose authority should be respected to avoid conflicts. However, his talent in military strategy forced the Roman Senators to accept his power and appoint him the governmental leader. In order to emphasize Camillus’s gift in conducting war, Livy notes, â€Å"they had used the most effectual means which human wisdom could suggest, for insuring success in giving the command to Marcus Furius, the greatest general of the age† (pg 482). Therefore, Camillus is considered a more aggressive leader who methods of gaining power and control were confined to war and violence. Both Roman founders were recognized as outstanding military leaders, but their military tactics differed significantly from each other. In particular, Augustus managed to strike the balance between constant war expansion and peaceful existence in the Empire. Although the Emperor wa s constantly involved into war actions, the civil population did not experience any military intrusion in their daily lives. Therefore, he could be considered as a wise and experienced ruler. What is more important is that the Roman Emperor managed to restore the state from war actions by constantly constructing temples, churches, and buildings. His donations of lands and money are also highlighted in the reading:Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Characteristics of Marcus Camillus and Augustus Octavian specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More â€Å"Four times I assisted the treasury with my own money, so that I transferred to the administrators of the treasury 150.000.000 sesterces† (sec. 17, n. p.). In this respect he could be considered not only a wise and experienced ruler, but also a generous mentor. In contrast to Augustus, Marcus Camillus was less concerned with the peaceful welfare of the Roman population. His main purpose lied in expanding the territories and conquering new lands. Livy underlines Marcus’s ambitions and focuses on his struggles against the rivals: â€Å"he had reduced the spoils of Veii to nothing; daringly abusing the nobles, in their absence† (pg 486). Therefore, the general made everything possible to take control of other territories and prove his superiority. With regard to the above-presented debates, it should be stated that both military leaders made significant contribution to the economic and political development of the Roman Empire. Their methods and military tactics were extremely different. Nevertheless, both historic figures remained in the Roman history as outstanding dictators and talented rulers that managed to empower the Roman people and provide new ways for the prosperity. Augustus. Res Gestae Divi Augusti. Trans. Peter Brunt, and James Moore UK: Oxford University Press. 1969. Web. Livy. The History of Rome. US: T. Cadell and W. Davies. 1797. Print.